Mediterranean regime little calorie, physical activity can slow down the drop in DMO for elderly women

The main dishes to remember:

• Older adults participating in a Mediterranean Reduced Energy and Accessful Activity Diet had a higher DMO in the lumbar column at 3 years than witnesses.
• The association was important for women, but not men.

Elderly adults following a Mediterranean diet reduced in energy and participating in physical activity intervention had higher bone mineral density in the lumbar column at 3 years than those who ate a Mediterranean diet Ad Libitum, researchers wrote.

In a secondary analysis prespened about the prior and more trial, the researchers evaluated the BMD levels at 1 year and 3 years in adults aged 55 or over with overweight or an obesity at the start which responded to at least three criteria of the metabolic syndrome. The researchers found that the Lumbar column DMO was significantly lower at 3 years for adults eating the Mediterranean diet reduced to energy than those of the control group. However, the association was only significant in women, and no difference in the percentage of adults with low DMO has been observed between the two groups.

“The recommendation of a Mediterranean diet reduced to energy, when combined with physical activity, can serve as a viable strategy to preserve bone health in the elderly, especially for menopausal women at high risk of osteoporosis”, ” Jesús F. García-Gavilán, RD, Phd, Deputy professor and biostatistician; And Jordi Salas-Salvadó, MD, PHD, The professor of the human nutrition unit, department of biochemistry and biotechnology in Universitat Rovira I Virgili in Tarragona, Spain, told Healio. “Although these new results highlight the potential advantages of this approach, the recommendations must be individualized and additional long -term research is necessary before it can be largely implemented.”

In more more, DXA scanners were carried out in four of the 23 participating centers. Secondary analysis included 924 elderly people who had available scan DXA data and met the criteria of the Metabolic Syndrome Test (average age, 65.1 years; 49.1% of women). The DXA scans were made at the start, 1 year and 3 years. The low BMD was defined as having a –1 or worse score at one of the total sites of the femur, the lumbar column and the femoral trochanter.

DMO change

At 3 years old, adults participating in the diet and reduced physical activity intervention group had a 0.9 g / cm² Higher increase from DMO to the lumbar column than those of the control group (P = 0.05). Among the women, the intervention group had 1.8 g / cm² A greater increase in the Lumbar column DMO than the women of the control group (P = .005). No difference in the DMO change in the lumbar column was observed in men.

García-Gavilán and Salas-Salvadó said that the investigators had been surprised to see different associations between men and women.

“This suggests that biological differences can modulate the impact of lifestyle interventions on bone health, stressing the importance of considering the specific sex factors in future research,” said García-Gavilán and Salas-Salvadó.

The percentage of older adults with a low DMO was similar between intervention and control groups. There was also no difference between groups in the total bone mineral content.

In an analysis of intention to deal with, the women of the intervention group had a 1 g / cm² Higher increase in the total femur DMO (P = 0.05), a 2.2 g / cm² Higher increase in the Lumbar column DMO (P = 0.05) and 1.4 g / cm² Greater increase in the femoral trochanter DMO (P = 0.01) at 3 years old that the women of the control group.

Additional research required

The researchers said that more studies were necessary to understand the mechanisms that led to different associations between men and women in the study.

“In addition, long-term studies with larger and more diverse populations are justified to confirm these results, also preventing long-term concomitant weight gain and a total loss of bone mineral content and to explore sustainability and wider clinical applicability of intervention to maintain or even improve bone health in aging populations”, said García-Gavilán and Salas-Salvadó in aging.

For more information:

Jesús F. García-Gavilán, RD, Phd,, can be contacted at jesusfrancisco.garcia@urv.cat.

Jordi Salas-Salvadó, MD, PHD, can be contacted at jordi.salas@urv.cat; X: @jordisalassalva; Instagram: @Salassalvado.

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Sources / disclosure

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Disclosure:
García-Gavilán does not report any relevant financial disclosure. Salas-Salvadó reports receiving non-financial support from Patrimonio Comunal Olivaliero during the conduct of the study; serving as a member of the unpaid scientific board of directors and lecturer for DANONE Institute International; and serving as a member of the unpaid scientific board of directors and receipt and non -financial support subsidies of the international Nut and dry Fruit Foundation. Please consult the study for all the relevant financial disclosure of other authors.

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